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Renal adaptive changes and sodium handling in the fetal-to-newborn transition

Jeffrey L Segar1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Children's Hospital, Iowa City, IA, USA.

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
|November 25, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Maintaining proper sodium balance is crucial for premature and sick infants. This review covers how infant kidneys handle salt and water, offering clinical guidelines for sodium provision.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Optimal fluid and electrolyte management is essential for vulnerable infants.
  • Understanding developmental changes in renal function is key for appropriate care.
  • Sodium homeostasis is critical during fetal and postnatal development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the principles of sodium homeostasis in fetal and postnatal life.
  • To highlight the physiology of renal tubular transport and its regulation.
  • To discuss clinical implications and guidelines for sodium provision in neonates.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on renal physiology and sodium balance.
  • Focus on developmental changes in renal water and salt handling.
  • Integration of neurohumoral factors affecting renal function.

Main Results:

  • Detailed examination of renal tubular transport mechanisms.
  • Explanation of neurohumoral influences on sodium regulation.
  • Identification of critical factors for sodium homeostasis in infants.

Conclusions:

  • Appropriate sodium management requires understanding developmental physiology.
  • Clinical guidelines are necessary for providing sodium to vulnerable infants.
  • Further research may refine optimal sodium provision strategies.

Keywords:
DevelopmentKidneyMaturationPrematureSodium

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