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Liberalization in the Danish waste sector: an institutional perspective
Lone Kørnøv1, Amanda Louise Hill2, Ole Busck2
1Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark lonek@plan.aau.dk.
Summary
The Danish waste sector
Area of Science:
- Environmental Policy
- Waste Management Systems
- Institutional Analysis
Background:
- European Union (EU) policy has promoted liberalization in public services since the 1980s.
- EU waste legislation changes in 2008 allowed trade of source-separated, incinerable industrial/commercial waste.
- The Danish waste sector historically features municipal control and ownership of treatment facilities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To map institutions and actors in the Danish waste sector.
- To analyze responses to regulatory and normative pressures for liberalization.
- To assess the impact of EU waste legislation on the Danish system.
Main Methods:
- Institutional approach applied to the Danish waste sector.
- Analysis of regulatory and normative pressures.
- Examination of institutional and political contexts.
Main Results:
- Danish regulation in 2010 accommodated liberalization requirements but minimally advanced market-based waste management.
- Liberalization was limited to industrial/commercial waste, preserving municipal control and welfare state principles.
- The system faces technological and financial challenges in meeting EU recycling targets.
Conclusions:
- The Danish waste sector's response to EU liberalization has been cautious, prioritizing existing structures.
- The limited scope of liberalization has created barriers to achieving EU recycling goals.
- Further adjustments are necessary for the Danish waste sector to meet future environmental targets.
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