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Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization01:24

Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization

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Left heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the function and structure of the left side of the heart. It is generally performed to diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions such as valve abnormalities, coronary artery disease, and congenital heart defects.Diagnostic and therapeutic purposesLeft heart catheterization serves various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Assessing coronary artery bypass grafts.Evaluating coronary artery disease in...
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Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
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Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization01:21

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Right Heart Catheterization: An OverviewRight heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure that measures right-sided cardiac and pulmonary artery pressures, calculates cardiac output, and identifies intracardiac shunts. It provides detailed hemodynamic data essential for diagnosing and managing various cardiovascular conditions, such as pulmonary hypertension.Access SitesCommon access sites for right heart catheterization include the internal jugular vein in the neck region, the...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
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Structural Comparison between the Right and Left Atrial Appendages Using Multidetector Computed Tomography.

Koichi Shinoda1, Shogo Hayashi2, Daisuke Fukuoka3

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of Anatomy, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute-shi, Aichi 480-1195, Japan.

Biomed Research International
|December 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The right atrial appendage (RAA) has a more favorable 3D structure for blood flow than the left atrial appendage (LAA), explaining why thrombus formation is less common in the RAA. This finding may improve patient risk assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Anatomy
  • Medical Imaging
  • Thrombosis Research

Background:

  • Thrombus formation is a significant clinical concern, particularly in the left atrial appendage (LAA).
  • Understanding morphological differences between the right atrial appendage (RAA) and LAA may elucidate variations in thrombus prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the three-dimensional (3D) structures of the RAA and LAA.
  • To investigate morphological factors contributing to the lower incidence of thrombus formation in the RAA compared to the LAA.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 34 formalin-preserved human cadaver hearts.
  • Creation of molds for RAA and LAA specimens.
  • Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) to analyze neck area, volume, and pectinate muscle (PM) amount.

Main Results:

  • RAA exhibits a "dendritic" pectinate muscle structure, smaller volume, and larger neck area compared to LAA.
  • RAA has a higher neck area to volume ratio and fewer PMs than LAA.
  • Significant correlations were found between RAA and LAA morphological parameters (volume, neck area, PM amount).

Conclusions:

  • The 3D structure of the RAA promotes more favorable blood flow, potentially reducing thrombus formation risk.
  • Transesophageal echocardiography assessment of RAA morphology may be beneficial for patients at high risk for LAA thrombus.