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Incidence and prevalence of childhood-onset Type 1 diabetes in Japan: the T1D study

Y Onda1, S Sugihara2, T Ogata3

  • 1Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine.

Diabetic Medicine : a Journal of the British Diabetic Association
|December 8, 2016
PubMed

Insights

This study found no increase in childhood Type 1 diabetes incidence in Japan, but confirmed adolescent onset peaks with a female predominance. The disease shows a bimodal annual onset pattern.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes is a significant chronic condition in children.
  • Japan utilizes the Specified Pediatric Chronic Disease Treatment Research Projects (SPCDTRP) for managing such cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the incidence and prevalence of childhood-onset Type 1 diabetes in Japan.
  • To analyze trends and patterns in disease onset using national registry data.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the SPCDTRP and Statistics Bureau for 2005-2012.
  • Estimated incidence for 2005-2010, stratified by sex, age, and onset period.
  • Calculated prevalence for children under 15 years.

Main Results:

  • Incidence was 2.25/100,000 persons, with higher rates in girls and older children (10-14 years).
  • Disease onset peaked at ages 10 (girls) and 13 (boys), with seasonal peaks in April/May and December.
  • Estimated 2326 children (<15 years) had Type 1 diabetes, with a prevalence of 13.53/100,000.

Conclusions:

  • No increase in childhood Type 1 diabetes incidence was observed.
  • Onset peaks in adolescence with a female predominance and shows an annual bimodal pattern.
  • Findings align with previous reports on Type 1 diabetes onset characteristics.
Abstract

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