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Restoration of clipped seismic waveforms using projection onto convex sets method
Jinhai Zhang1, Jinlai Hao1, Xu Zhao1
1Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
Scientific Reports
|December 15, 2016
Summary
This study introduces a novel method to restore clipped seismic waveforms, transforming unusable data into valuable information. This technique significantly enhances seismic data archives and improves earthquake analysis.
Area of Science:
- Seismology
- Geophysics
- Signal Processing
Background:
- Seismic waveforms are often clipped, exceeding seismometer dynamic range, rendering them unusable for research.
- Clipped data is typically discarded, leading to a loss of valuable seismic information.
- Existing methods do not effectively recover information from clipped seismic waveforms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a method for restoring clipped seismic waveforms.
- To demonstrate the potential of waveform restoration to expand seismic data archives.
- To improve the utility of seismic data for earthquake analysis and monitoring.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing the assumption that clipped and unclipped waveform components share frequency content.
- Employing an iterative frequency spectrum reconstruction technique based on projection onto convex sets.
- Validating the method with both artificially clipped and real-world seismic data.
Main Results:
- Restoration error of approximately 1% and 5% for waveforms clipped at 70% and 40% peak amplitude, respectively.
- Successful recovery of 87 out of 93 clipped broadband seismic records from the 2013 Lushan earthquake.
- Estimated annual restoration of ~30,000 clipped waveforms from M5.0+ earthquakes globally.
Conclusions:
- The developed method effectively restores clipped seismic waveforms, significantly increasing usable data.
- Waveform restoration enhances seismic data archives, improving azimuthal station coverage and spatial footprint.
- This technique offers a valuable tool for seismological research and earthquake hazard assessment.
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