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The plexuses of the lower body include the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal plexuses, which innervate the abdomen, pelvis, legs, and coccygeal region. These plexuses control the transmission of sensory information and coordinate motor functions of the lower body.
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Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 10, 2026

Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies
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Median Nerve Trifurcation.

Sarah Lonie1, Vachara Niumsawatt1, Warren M Rozen1

  • 1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Global Open
|December 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Median nerve trifurcation within the carpal tunnel is a rare anatomical variation. This case report details the first surgical identification of this median nerve anomaly during carpal tunnel release.

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Surgical Anatomy
  • Neuroanatomy

Background:

  • Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common condition caused by median nerve compression.
  • Anatomical variations of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel are infrequently reported.
  • Existing classifications may not fully encompass all observed anatomical anomalies.

Observation:

  • A rare case of median nerve trifurcation was identified during carpal tunnel release surgery.
  • This trifurcation involved the main trunk of the median nerve dividing into three distinct branches within the carpal tunnel.
  • This finding represents the first documented instance of median nerve trifurcation discovered intraoperatively.

Findings:

  • The surgical identification of median nerve trifurcation provides critical anatomical data.
  • This variation necessitates careful surgical dissection to prevent iatrogenic injury.
  • The Lanz classification of median nerve anomalies may require amendment to include trifurcation patterns.

Implications:

  • Surgeons must maintain a high degree of awareness regarding potential median nerve anatomical variations during CTS surgery.
  • Recognition of such anomalies can prevent unintended nerve damage and improve surgical outcomes.
  • This case highlights the importance of detailed anatomical knowledge in surgical practice and classification systems.