Double jersey finger: A systematic review and case series

Closed flexor tendon avulsions typically affect the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) from hyperextension of a flexed finger. Avulsion of both the FDP and flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) in the same finger is rare and complicates surgery and prognosis.

This case study details a simultaneous FDP and FDS rupture, emphasizing accurate diagnosis and surgery. A systematic review of English case studies on presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes was conducted, following 2020 PRISMA guidelines.

A 40-year-old male developed jersey finger following an assault, and a 26-year-old male sustained a similar injury while playing Australian Rules football. Both had simultaneous FDP and FDS tendon avulsions successfully treated with micro-Mitek suture anchors and early active mobilization.

The PRISMA flow diagram started with 70 records, 7 duplicates were removed, and 26 were excluded for measuring unintended outcomes, leaving 37 for screening. After excluding 14 cases that focused on single tendon ruptures, 23 were assessed for eligibility. Seven more were removed due to translation issues or lack of access, resulting in 16 studies included in the review.

This case documents a successful primary repair over 3 weeks post-injury. A review of 24 cases highlights the advantages of using micro-Mitek suture anchors for repair, which enhance strength and early mobilization for better functional recovery.

This manuscript underscores the importance of personalized surgical planning, timing, techniques and comprehensive postoperative rehabilitation in managing rare and complex hand injuries. Further research is needed to refine management strategies.