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Detecting sulphate aerosol geoengineering with different methods.

Y T Eunice Lo1, Andrew J Charlton-Perez1, Fraser C Lott2

  • 1Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6BB, UK.

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Detecting sulphate aerosol geoengineering in climate records is sensitive to chosen methods. Trend-based filters significantly speed up detection compared to multi-variate methods, enabling faster monitoring of climate interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Climate Science
  • Atmospheric Chemistry
  • Geoengineering Research

Background:

  • Sulphate aerosol injection is a proposed method for climate geoengineering.
  • Detecting geoengineering effects requires distinguishing them from natural climate variability and other forcings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how different detection methods and filtering techniques impact the detectability of sulphate aerosol geoengineering.
  • To assess the detectability of sulphate aerosol geoengineering in global-mean near-surface air temperature.

Main Methods:

  • Simulations of a 5 Tg/yr sulphur dioxide stratospheric injection scenario using 5 climate models.
  • Comparison of detection times using multi-variate and trend-based detection methods with and without filtering.

Main Results:

  • Using a trend-based filter reduces detection time for sulphate aerosol geoengineering to under 10 years in 66% of comparisons, versus over 25 years for 64% with no filter and a multi-variate method.
  • Employing a non-stationary method with a trend-based filter further reduces detection time, with 80% of comparisons requiring under 10 years.

Conclusions:

  • The detectability of sulphate aerosol geoengineering is highly sensitive to the choice of detection method and filtering technique.
  • Both multi-variate and trend-based methods, particularly with filtering, can be valuable for monitoring potential geoengineering in global temperature data.