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Infective Endocarditis in Hemodialysis Patients
Rahul Vasudev1, Priyank Shah2, Supreet Kaur2
1New York Medical College at St. Joseph's Regional Medical Center, Paterson, New Jersey, USA. Electronic correspondence: drrahulvasudev@gmail.com.
The Journal of Heart Valve Disease
|December 19, 2016
Summary
Infective endocarditis (IE) is common in hemodialysis patients, often involving the mitral valve and Staphylococcus aureus. Early consideration of IE is crucial for hemodialysis patients with bacteremia.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Infective endocarditis (IE) significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
- Patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis represent a vulnerable population for IE development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the demographic, clinical, microbiological, and inpatient mortality characteristics of IE in hemodialysis patients.
- To identify common etiological agents and affected valves in IE among ESRD patients on hemodialysis.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of IE patients admitted between January 2001 and December 2014.
- Inclusion of data on demographics, comorbidities, clinical presentation, microbiology, echocardiography, complications, and outcomes.
Main Results:
- Fifty-two hemodialysis patients were diagnosed with IE. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were prevalent comorbidities.
- The mitral valve was most frequently affected (55.8%), with Staphylococcus aureus being the predominant pathogen (40%).
- In-hospital mortality was 7.7%, with embolic events and acute heart failure as common complications.
Conclusions:
- IE is a frequent complication in patients on chronic hemodialysis, necessitating consideration in cases of bacteremia.
- The etiology of IE in this cohort is multifactorial, with a predilection for the mitral valve and Staphylococcus aureus infections.
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