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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

4.3K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

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Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
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Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

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The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
1.3K
Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

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Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
453
Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents

1.7K
Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
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In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge
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Noncoding RNAs in Heart Failure.

Seema Dangwal1, Katharina Schimmel1, Ariana Foinquinos1

  • 1Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, IFBTx, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
|December 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Noncoding RNAs, like microRNAs, are crucial in heart failure. Understanding these genetic regulators is key to developing new heart failure treatments and drugs.

Keywords:
Circular RNAHeart failureLong noncoding RNAsmiRNAsncRNA therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Heart failure represents a significant global health burden, contributing to mortality and morbidity.
  • Current treatments can slow disease progression but do not fully prevent cardiac remodeling.
  • A deeper understanding of genetic regulation in heart failure is crucial for novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the characteristics of noncoding RNAs, including miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs.
  • To review the involvement of noncoding RNAs in the progression of heart failure.
  • To highlight noncoding RNAs as potential targets for future drug discovery in cardiac diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on noncoding RNAs in heart failure.
  • Analysis of the roles of microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs.
  • Examination of epigenetic regulation in cardiac gene expression.

Main Results:

  • Noncoding RNAs are key epigenetic regulators influencing cardiac homeostasis and function.
  • Evidence demonstrates the significant involvement of noncoding RNAs in various stages of heart failure.
  • Noncoding RNAs offer novel regulatory mechanisms in cardiac pathophysiology.

Conclusions:

  • Noncoding RNAs, particularly miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, play a critical role in heart failure.
  • While challenges exist for clinical application, noncoding RNA-based therapies are promising.
  • Further research into noncoding RNA-gene network interactions will advance heart failure understanding and drug development.