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Observing coherence effects in an overdamped quantum system.

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Normal-mode splitting in optical cavities coupled to atoms can occur even without strong coupling, depending on the probing method. This study reveals an avoided crossing in reflection spectra, unlike cavity emission measurements.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Cavity quantum electrodynamics

Background:

  • Optical cavities coupled to atomic media typically require strong coupling for normal-mode splitting.
  • Strong coupling is defined as the coherent coupling rate exceeding individual decay rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate that normal-mode splitting in coupled atom-cavity systems is not solely dependent on the strong coupling condition.
  • To investigate the influence of probing techniques on the observed spectral features.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing an overdamped optical cavity coupled to an atomic medium.
  • Measuring the reflection spectrum of a probe laser from the cavity's input mirror.
  • Comparing reflection measurements with measurements of Purcell-enhanced cavity emission.

Main Results:

  • An avoided crossing was observed in the reflection spectrum, indicating a form of normal-mode splitting.
  • This spectral feature was absent when measuring the cavity's emission spectrum.
  • The findings suggest a dependence of spectral behavior on the measurement protocol.

Conclusions:

  • Normal-mode splitting in coupled atom-cavity systems can be observed under conditions other than the conventional strong coupling regime.
  • The choice of measurement technique (reflection vs. emission) significantly impacts the observed spectral response.
  • The phenomenon can be formally understood by analogy to electromagnetically induced transparency.