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Microscopic colitis: A literature review.
Ana Paula Hamer Sousa Clara1, Flávia Drago Magnago2, Juliana Neves Ferreira2
1MSc in Public Policies and Local Development from Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória (Emescam). Professor of Semiology and Internal Medicine at Emescam, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
Microscopic colitis (MC) causes chronic diarrhea with normal-appearing colon scopes. Budesonide is the best short-term treatment, but more research is needed for long-term strategies.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Internal Medicine
- Pathology
Background:
- Microscopic colitis (MC) is a chronic colonic inflammation.
- It presents as chronic non-bloody diarrhea, primarily in older adults.
- Limited scientific evidence exists compared to other inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current information on microscopic colitis.
- To describe diagnostic methods for MC.
- To outline available drug treatments for MC.
Main Methods:
- Conducted a literature search of the Pubmed database and CAPES Portal.
- Used keywords: "microscopic colitis", "collagenous colitis", "lymphocytic colitis", and "review".
- Selected articles published between 1996 and 2015.
Main Results:
- Microscopic colitis is a relatively newly recognized gastrointestinal disorder.
- Research on MC pathophysiology and immunology is still in early stages.
- Budesonide is the most well-documented short-term treatment option.
Conclusions:
- Further research is required to understand MC.
- Long-term treatment strategies for microscopic colitis need further investigation.
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