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Related Concept Videos

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Capillarity describes the movement of liquid in small spaces without external forces acting on it. The capillarity is driven by surface tension and adhesive interactions between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. This effect is often seen in narrow tubes, porous materials, and fine particles.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
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Interparticle Capillary Forces at a Fluid-Fluid Interface with Strong Polymer-Induced Aging.

Stefano Cappelli, Arthur M de Jong, Jean Baudry1

  • 1Laboratoire Colloïdes et Matériaux Divisés (LCMD), ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR8231 Chimie Biologie Innovation, F-75005, Paris, France.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|December 31, 2016
PubMed
Summary

We measured forces between particles at a water-oil interface, finding that polymer presence affects capillary attraction. This attraction stabilizes early in interface aging, independent of increasing viscosity.

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Area of Science:

  • Colloid and Interface Science
  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Particles at fluid-fluid interfaces experience complex forces.
  • Oil-soluble polymers can alter interfacial properties and particle interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify interparticle forces and interfacial drag.
  • To investigate the influence of polymers on capillary attraction and interfacial rheology.

Main Methods:

  • Measurement of particle motion trajectories at a water-oil interface.
  • Independent quantification of interfacial drag and capillary forces.
  • Systematic variation of polymer concentration and observation of interface aging.

Main Results:

  • Attractive capillary forces were observed, dependent on polymer concentration and particle pairs.
  • Interfacial drag coefficients ranged from 10-7 to 10-4 Ns/m.
  • Capillary attraction stabilized early, despite significant increases in interfacial viscosity due to polymer adsorption and aging.

Conclusions:

  • Interparticle capillary forces are attributed to quadrupolar deformations of the fluid-fluid interface induced by particle roughness.
  • Interface aging leads to increased interfacial viscosity but does not affect established capillary forces.
  • The experimental approach is effective for studying forces on micro- and nanoparticles at out-of-equilibrium fluid interfaces.