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Related Concept Videos

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT01:30

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

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Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
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X-ray Imaging01:24

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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
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Radiological Investigation II: MRI and Ventilation Perfusion Scan01:30

Radiological Investigation II: MRI and Ventilation Perfusion Scan

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Description
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ventilation Perfusion Scans are two radiological investigations that offer detailed diagnostic images of the body, particularly lung structures.
MRI
MRI uses magnetic fields and radiofrequency signals to distinguish between normal and abnormal tissues. This technology provides a more detailed diagnostic image than CT scans, enabling it to characterize pulmonary nodules, stage bronchogenic carcinoma, and evaluate inflammatory activity in...
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

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Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
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A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
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Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy01:25

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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
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Guidelines and Experience Using Imaging Biomarker Explorer IBEX for Radiomics
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Guidelines and Experience Using Imaging Biomarker Explorer IBEX for Radiomics

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Radiomics: a new application from established techniques.

Vishwa Parekh1, Michael A Jacobs2

  • 1The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cancer Imaging, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; Department of Computer Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.

Expert Review of Precision Medicine and Drug Development
|January 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Radiomics extracts quantitative imaging features from radiological scans to decode tissue pathology. This approach aids personalized cancer medicine by developing computational models for diagnosis and treatment guidance.

Keywords:
ADC mapBreastDWIGeneticsMagnetic Resonance ImagingRadiomicscancerdiffusion-weighted imaginginformaticsmachine learningprotontexturetreatment response

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Personalized medicine in cancer care relies on biomarkers for tailored diagnosis and treatment.
  • Radiological imaging offers rich data but faces challenges in the "big data" era.
  • Radiomics emerges as a field to extract quantitative features from medical images.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define Radiomics and its potential in cancer research.
  • To highlight the extraction of quantitative imaging features for pathology decoding.
  • To explore the development of computational models for personalized medicine.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput extraction of quantitative imaging features (radiomics) from radiological data.
  • Analysis of gray-scale patterns, inter-pixel relationships, shape, and spectral properties.
  • Development of computational models using machine learning algorithms.

Main Results:

  • Radiomics enables the creation of high-dimensional datasets from imaging features.
  • Extracted radiomic features provide insights into tissue pathology.
  • Potential for advanced computational models for clinical decision support.

Conclusions:

  • Radiomics offers a powerful approach to leverage radiological data for cancer research.
  • It facilitates personalized diagnosis and treatment guidance through advanced computational analysis.
  • The integration of radiomics with genomics holds promise for precision oncology.