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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
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Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
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Childhood tuberculosis in Qatar.

Jay P N Singh1, Reem Mohammed1, Thanveer Thayyullathil1

  • 1Hamad General Corporation, Doha, Qatar.

International Journal of Mycobacteriology
|January 4, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Childhood tuberculosis (TB) is rare in Qatar, with only 24 pediatric cases identified between 2013-2015. Most cases were extrapulmonary, and seven involved Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) strains.

Keywords:
Childhood tuberculosisQatar

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Public health

Background:

  • Childhood tuberculosis (TB) has historically been under-recognized.
  • Global initiatives are increasing focus on pediatric TB diagnosis and treatment.
  • Qatar is a country with a low incidence of TB.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze laboratory-confirmed childhood tuberculosis cases in Qatar.
  • To characterize the types and origins of pediatric TB infections.
  • To assess the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and other mycobacteria.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study of pediatric TB cases (age ≤14 years) from 2013-2015.
  • Laboratory confirmation using microscopy, GeneXpert MTB/RIF, and MGIT 960 automated culture.
  • Identification of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) strains using the Niacin Strip Test.

Main Results:

  • 24 pediatric TB cases were identified; 21 were MTBC and 3 were MOTT.
  • Most MTBC cases (19/21) were PCR positive; 2 were culture positive.
  • The majority of positive specimens were extrapulmonary (pus and tissue biopsies).
  • Six pulmonary cases included sputum and gastric aspirates.
  • Seven patients were infected with BCG strains.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood TB is not a major public health problem in Qatar, with significantly fewer cases than in adults.
  • Extrapulmonary TB is more common than pulmonary TB in this pediatric cohort.
  • The Niacin Strip Test has limitations in differentiating BCG strains, suggesting a need for advanced molecular methods.