Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

2.3K
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
2.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sex-related structural alterations across common epilepsies: a worldwide ENIGMA study.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

The multiple scales of astrocytic functional units.

Nature neuroscience·2026
Same author

Concurrent validity and agreement of Bayley-4, AIMS, and HINE assessments in 1-year-old children.

Developmental medicine and child neurology·2026
Same author

Synthetic multicolor antigen-stabilizable nanobody platform for intersectional labeling and functional imaging.

Nature methods·2026
Same author

AQuA2-Cloud: a web platform for fluorescence bioimaging activity analysis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Modeling predicts a biochemical feedback mechanism underlying astrocyte calcium refractory periods.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

In vitro Quantitative Imaging Assay for Phagocytosis of Dead Neuroblastoma Cells by iPSC-Macrophages
09:48

In vitro Quantitative Imaging Assay for Phagocytosis of Dead Neuroblastoma Cells by iPSC-Macrophages

Published on: February 14, 2021

6.4K

Phosphatidylserine Exposure Controls Viral Innate Immune Responses by Microglia.

Yusuf Tufail1, Daniela Cook1, Lawrence Fourgeaud2

  • 1Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

Neuron
|January 24, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Microglia recognize virus-transduced cells via phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) exposure. Inhibiting phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) prevents this, protecting cells from microglial engulfment and potential damage.

Keywords:
TAM receptoradenovirusastrocytescalciuminfectionmicrogliaphagocytosisphosphatidylserinephospholipid scramblase 1two-photon imaging

More Related Videos

Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates
09:12

Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates

Published on: January 30, 2014

16.9K
Primary Microglia Isolation from Mixed Glial Cell Cultures of Neonatal Rat Brain Tissue
10:20

Primary Microglia Isolation from Mixed Glial Cell Cultures of Neonatal Rat Brain Tissue

Published on: August 15, 2012

40.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 8, 2026

In vitro Quantitative Imaging Assay for Phagocytosis of Dead Neuroblastoma Cells by iPSC-Macrophages
09:48

In vitro Quantitative Imaging Assay for Phagocytosis of Dead Neuroblastoma Cells by iPSC-Macrophages

Published on: February 14, 2021

6.4K
Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates
09:12

Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates

Published on: January 30, 2014

16.9K
Primary Microglia Isolation from Mixed Glial Cell Cultures of Neonatal Rat Brain Tissue
10:20

Primary Microglia Isolation from Mixed Glial Cell Cultures of Neonatal Rat Brain Tissue

Published on: August 15, 2012

40.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Microglia are the central nervous system's immune cells.
  • While protective, microglial activation can cause cell death during viral infections.
  • Controlling microglial responses is crucial for managing neuroinflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how microglia recognize and respond to virus-transduced cells.
  • To identify molecular mechanisms governing microglial phagocytosis of infected cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized adenovirus 5 (Ad5)-based vectors as a model system.
  • Employed transgenic, immunohistochemical, molecular-genetic, and fluorescence imaging techniques.
  • Assessed the role of phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) exposure and phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1).

Main Results:

  • Phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) exposure on transduced cells signals microglia for engulfment via TAM receptors.
  • Inhibition of phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) activity prevents PtdSer externalization and calcium dysregulation.
  • Blocking PLSCR1 provided long-term protection of vector-transduced cells from microglial phagocytosis.

Conclusions:

  • Identified PLSCR1 as a key regulator of microglial phagocytosis in response to viral vectors.
  • PLSCR1 inhibition offers a potential strategy to control innate immune responses and mitigate cell death.
  • Findings have implications for managing viral infections and gene therapy vector safety.