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Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

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Essential pitfalls in "essential" tremor.

Alberto J Espay1, Anthony E Lang2,3, Roberto Erro4

  • 1UC Gardner Neuroscience Institute, Department of Neurology, Gardner Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, University of Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.

Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society
|January 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Essential tremor, the most common movement disorder, may encompass multiple distinct diseases rather than a single entity. Reclassifying it aids in understanding underlying causes and developing targeted treatments.

Keywords:
biomarkersessential tremornomenclaturetremor

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Movement Disorders
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Essential tremor is the most common movement disorder, often diagnosed by exclusion.
  • Its features overlap with other tremor disorders, lacking a clear genetic or pathological basis.
  • Current understanding suggests "essential tremor" may represent several distinct diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a new approach to diagnosing and understanding essential tremor.
  • To reframe essential tremor as a transitional diagnostic category.
  • To facilitate etiological diagnosis and biomarker discovery for tremor disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Deep phenotyping of tremor disorders using historical, phenomenological, and neurophysiological features.
  • Re-evaluation of essential tremor as a diagnostic entity.
  • Analysis of clinical features overlapping with other tremor conditions.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests essential tremor is not a single disease but likely multiple unique disorders.
  • Some of these disorders may involve cerebellar dysfunction.
  • A common oscillatory behavior on posture and action is a shared feature.

Conclusions:

  • Essential tremor should be de-emphasized as a standalone diagnostic entity.
  • Utilizing essential tremor as a transitional node aids in deep phenotyping.
  • This approach will facilitate etiological diagnosis and the development of targeted therapies.