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Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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Pathogenesis of Hyperthyroidism.

Ishita Singh1, Jerome M Hershman1

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Systems, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Comprehensive Physiology
|January 31, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hyperthyroidism, or overactive thyroid, results from excess thyroid hormone. Various causes, including Graves' disease and thyroiditis, lead to this condition, impacting multiple body tissues.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Hyperthyroidism is a state of thyrotoxicosis characterized by excessive thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion.
  • Thyrotoxicosis results from elevated thyroid hormone levels affecting various body tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multiple etiologies leading to the clinical state of thyrotoxicosis.
  • To detail the common causes and mechanisms of excess thyroid hormone production.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on hyperthyroidism and thyrotoxicosis.
  • Synthesis of information on the diverse causes and pathophysiological mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Graves' disease, an autoimmune disorder, is the most frequent cause of thyrotoxicosis.
  • Other causes include thyroiditis, gestational thyrotoxicosis, trophoblastic tumors, pituitary issues, and exogenous hormone exposure.

Conclusions:

  • Thyrotoxicosis has a multifactorial etiology, with Graves' disease being predominant.
  • Understanding these diverse causes is crucial for managing hyperthyroidism.