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Microbes and Cancer.

Amiran Dzutsev1, Jonathan H Badger1, Ernesto Perez-Chanona1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The gut microbiota influences cancer development and progression. Targeting these microbes may improve cancer therapy and reduce side effects.

Keywords:
cachexiacancercarcinogenesischemotherapyimmunotherapymetabolism and cancermicrobiota

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Commensal microorganisms, collectively known as the microbiota, inhabit body surfaces, especially the gut.
  • The host and microbiota form a metaorganism, requiring microbe-host cell crosstalk for health and physiological regulation.
  • Evolutionary conserved mechanisms mediate microbe-dependent host physiology, tissue homeostasis, and infection resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of microbiota-cancer interactions.
  • To explore the potential of targeting the microbiota for improved cancer therapy.
  • To examine strategies for attenuating adverse reactions through microbiota modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on microbiota and cancer.
  • Analysis of molecular and cellular mechanisms of microbe-host interactions.
  • Synthesis of evidence on microbiota's role in cancer predisposition, progression, and treatment.

Main Results:

  • The microbiota significantly impacts cancer by influencing metabolism, proliferation, inflammation, and immunity.
  • Microbiota affects cancer at all stages: predisposing conditions, initiation, genetic instability, immune response, progression, comorbidity, and therapy response.
  • Evidence suggests the microbiota plays a crucial role in modulating host susceptibility and response to cancer therapies.

Conclusions:

  • The microbiota is a key regulator of cancer development and progression.
  • Targeting the microbiota presents a promising strategy to enhance cancer treatment efficacy.
  • Modulating the microbiota could lead to reduced adverse effects associated with cancer therapies.