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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
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The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

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Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

335
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Assessing Lysosomal Alkalinization in the Intestine of Live Caenorhabditis elegans
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Renal Aging: Causes and Consequences.

Eoin D O'Sullivan1, Jeremy Hughes2,3, David A Ferenbach2,3,4,5

  • 1Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; eoindosullivan@gmail.com.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN
|February 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The aging kidney shows structural and functional changes, increasing susceptibility to acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Understanding these age-associated kidney alterations is crucial for developing new treatments.

Keywords:
Agingglomerulosclerosiskidney dysfunctionmetabolismmolecular biologyprogression of renal failure

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Gerontology
  • Renal Physiology

Background:

  • The population aged over 65 is rapidly expanding globally.
  • Older individuals increasingly receive diagnoses of impaired renal function and nephrosclerosis.
  • The aged kidney exhibits structural, transcriptomic, hemodynamic, and physiological alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the structural and functional changes in the aged kidney.
  • To explore pathways contributing to age-associated kidney changes in humans and animal models.
  • To identify potential therapeutic strategies for the aging kidney.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies on aged kidney physiology and pathology.
  • Examination of experimental animal models and human data.
  • Analysis of transcriptomic, hemodynamic, and physiological data.

Main Results:

  • Aging impairs the kidney's ability to withstand and recover from injury.
  • Age-associated kidney changes increase susceptibility to acute kidney injury (AKI).
  • These changes contribute to a higher propensity for developing progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Conclusions:

  • The aged kidney has unique characteristics that predispose it to injury and disease.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand these changes and develop targeted therapies.
  • Novel therapeutic strategies may emerge from a deeper understanding of aging kidney biology.