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Continuously evolving 'chemical tongue' biosensor for detecting proteins.

Feiyang Wang1, Xin Zhang1, Yuexiang Lu2

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Summary

A novel colorimetric sensor array using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and DNA successfully discriminates twelve proteins in human urine. This advancement shows promise for developing more accurate and affordable diagnostic tools.

Keywords:
AuNPs decorated by two oligonucleotidesColorimetric sensor arrayContinuous response patternProtein discrimination

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Area of Science:

  • Nanomaterials Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Developing sensitive and selective biosensors is crucial for early disease diagnosis.
  • Existing protein discrimination methods often face challenges with complex biological samples like urine.
  • Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) offer unique optical properties suitable for colorimetric sensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a continuously evolving colorimetric sensor array for enhanced protein discrimination.
  • To investigate the potential of DNA-modified AuNPs for detecting multiple proteins in complex matrices.
  • To assess the sensor array's diagnostic capabilities in the presence of human urine.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a colorimetric sensor array using AuNPs functionalized with two single-stranded oligonucleotides at varying molar ratios.
  • Utilizing differential receptor design to continuously improve protein discrimination.
  • Employing Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) for data analysis and visualization.
  • Testing the sensor array's performance with protein mixtures in 50% human urine.

Main Results:

  • The sensor array demonstrated 100% accuracy in discriminating twelve proteins at 200nM concentration in 50% human urine.
  • Successful discrimination of human serum albumin (HSA) at various concentrations, and mixtures of Lysine (Lys) and HSA.
  • The system provided continuous response data, enabling the exclusion of abnormal signals.
  • The sensor array's design allows for easy extension of differential receptors, enhancing discrimination ability.

Conclusions:

  • The developed DNA-modified AuNP sensor array offers a novel and effective strategy for protein discrimination.
  • This approach shows significant potential for developing cost-effective and reliable diagnostic sensors for clinical applications.
  • The ability to function in complex biological fluids like urine highlights its practical feasibility for diagnostics.