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Updated: Mar 8, 2026

A Precision Medicine Tool for Measurement and Monitoring of Hemoglobin S in Sickle Cell Disease Patients Receiving Transfusion Therapy
Understanding the Use of Sigma Metrics in Hemoglobin A1c Analysis
Erna Lenters-Westra1, Emma English2
1Clinical Chemistry Department, Isala, Dr. Van Heesweg 2, Zwolle 8025 AB, The Netherlands; European Reference Laboratory for Glycohemoglobin, Isala, Dr. Van Heesweg 2, Zwolle 8025 AB, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
This study uses three unique data sets to show the state of the art of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) analyzers in a range of settings and compares their performance against the international guidance set by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine task force for HbA1c standardization. The data are used to show the effect of tightening those criteria, and the study serves as a guide to the practical implementation of the sigma-metrics approach in a range of clinical settings.
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