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Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
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Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
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Author Spotlight: Overcoming Challenges in Drosophila Sleep Measurement Using DAM System
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Orexin: a Missing Link Between Sleep Disorders and Heart Failure?

Stephen Pan1, Carolina S Cabral2, Euan A Ashley3

  • 1Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, NYU Langone Medical Center, 530 First Avenue, Skirball 9N, New York, NY, 10016, USA. stephen.pan@nyumc.org.

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Sleep disorders and heart failure share a link through the novel orexin pathway. Targeting orexin signaling may treat both conditions and clarify their connection.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Neuroendocrinology

Background:

  • Sleep disorders, particularly obstructive sleep apnea, are common in heart failure patients.
  • Treating sleep disorders can improve cardiac function, but the underlying link remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of the orexin neurohormonal pathway in the comorbidity of sleep disorders and heart failure.
  • To identify orexin signaling as a potential therapeutic target for both conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent findings on orexin signaling in sleep-wake cycles.
  • Analysis of evidence linking orexin pathway perturbation to heart failure pathology.

Main Results:

  • Orexin signaling regulates autonomic function during sleep/wake cycles.
  • Orexin signaling is disrupted in sleep disorders and implicated in heart failure.
  • The orexin pathway may represent a key link between sleep disorders and heart failure.

Conclusions:

  • The orexin pathway is a promising novel target for treating sleep disorders and heart failure.
  • Understanding orexin signaling may elucidate the "missing link" between these comorbid diseases.