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In Vitro Microfluidic Disease Model to Study Whole Blood-Endothelial Interactions and Blood Clot Dynamics in Real-Time

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Multi-Constituent Simulation of Thrombus Deposition.

Wei-Tao Wu¹, Megan A Jamiolkowski^2,3, William R Wagner^2,3,4,5

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.

Scientific Reports

|February 21, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a mathematical model to simulate thrombus formation and growth. The model accurately predicts thrombus deposition in both in vivo and in vitro scenarios, aiding in the design of safer medical devices.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Computational Biology
Fluid Dynamics

Background:

Thrombosis, the formation of blood clots, is a critical factor in the performance of blood-wetted medical devices.
Understanding the complex spatio-temporal dynamics of thrombus formation is essential for improving device safety and efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a comprehensive spatio-temporal mathematical model for simulating thrombus formation and growth.
To investigate thrombus deposition under diverse conditions, including in vivo and in vitro settings.

Main Methods:

A multi-constituent mixture model treating blood as a fluid and solid phase.
Coupled convection-reaction-diffusion (CRD) equations to model 10 chemical and biological species involved in thrombus initiation, propagation, and stabilization.
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations using OpenFOAM libraries for benchmark problems.

Main Results:

Simulations accurately reproduced experimental observations of thrombus deposition in both spatial and temporal aspects.
The model demonstrated effectiveness across different flow conditions and biological environments, including in vivo injured vessels and in vitro micro-channels with crevices.

Conclusions:

The developed mathematical model provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of thrombosis.
This model serves as a predictive tool for designing medical devices with reduced thrombogenicity.