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Related Concept Videos

Sensory Functions of the Skin01:16

Sensory Functions of the Skin

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The skin is the largest organ of the human body and plays a crucial role in our sensory perception. It contains a vast network of sensory receptors that contribute to the skin's protective function by perceiving physical, biological, and environmental cues and generating relevant responses.
There are two main categories of receptors on the skin: capsulated and non-capsulated. The non-capsulated ones are mainly the pain receptors. The capsulated ones can be further categorized based on the...
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Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

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The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

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Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
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Introduction to Sensory Receptors01:31

Introduction to Sensory Receptors

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Sensory receptors are vital in our ability to perceive and interpret the world. Sensory receptors are specialized cells in the peripheral nervous system that respond to various stimuli and enable one to experience different sensations. Based on specific criteria, sensory receptors are classified into distinct types.
The first classification criterion is based on cell type, position, and function. Some receptor cells are neurons with free nerve endings, where their dendrites are embedded in the...
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Spinal Cord: Information Processing01:10

Spinal Cord: Information Processing

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The spinal cord is an integral hub for motor and sensory information that enables the brain to communicate with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This communication consists of relaying sensory data and transmission of motor commands.
Sensory Information Processing
Sensory information processing begins at the sensory receptors located in the skin and other tissues, which detect somatic sensory stimuli such as touch, temperature, or pain. These receptors function as catalysts, initiating...
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Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System

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The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
The receptor level:
The receptor level is the first stage of sensation. It involves the detection of a stimulus by specialized sensory receptors. The stimulus must arrive within the receptor's receptive field. Next, the receptor converts the energy of the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Author Spotlight: Optimizing Dendritic Spine Analysis for Balanced Manual and Automated Assessment in the Hippocampus CA1 Apical Dendrites
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Dendritic Spikes in Sensory Perception.

Satoshi Manita1, Hiroyoshi Miyakawa2, Kazuo Kitamura3

  • 1Laboratory for Behavioral Neurophysiology, Brain Science Institute, RIKENWako City, Saitama, Japan; Department of Neurophysiology, Division of Medicine, University of YamanashiChuo-shi, Japan.

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
|March 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dendritic spikes are crucial for brain function, potentially impacting neuronal plasticity and computation. Recent advances in in vivo research are beginning to reveal their role in sensory perception and synaptic plasticity.

Keywords:
bottom-up processingdendritic integrationdendritic spikeneocortexpyramidal neuronsensory perceptiontop-down control

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cellular Neuroscience

Background:

  • The physiological relevance of dendritic spikes in brain function remains largely unknown.
  • Most previous dendritic research was conducted in vitro, limiting in vivo applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical perspective of dendritic spike research.
  • To discuss recent advances in understanding dendritic spike function in vivo.
  • To explore the role of dendritic spikes in sensory perception and synaptic plasticity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing novel techniques such as two-photon microscopy.
  • Employing genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs).
  • Leveraging optogenetic tools for in vivo investigations.

Main Results:

  • Emerging technologies enable in vivo investigation of dendritic spikes in behaving animals.
  • These advancements facilitate uncovering causal relationships between dendritic spikes and brain functions.
  • Recent studies are shedding light on the role of dendritic spikes in sensory information processing.

Conclusions:

  • In vivo dendritic research is crucial for understanding the physiological relevance of dendritic spikes.
  • Dendritic spikes play a significant role in sensory perception and synaptic plasticity.
  • Understanding dendritic spikes offers mechanistic insight into brain-mind relationships.