Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases regulate cell division and development in Arabidopsis roots
Caifeng Liu1, Qiao Wu1, Weiwei Liu1
1State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology
|March 7, 2017
Summary
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) inhibit root cell division. Inhibiting PARP activity enhances primary and lateral root growth, promoting a more developed root system in plants.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Root development is a complex process involving cell division, differentiation, and expansion.
- The precise molecular mechanisms governing root organogenesis remain incompletely understood.
- Poly(adenosine diphosphate)-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are enzymes involved in DNA repair and other cellular processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of PARPs in plant root development.
- To identify novel molecular regulators of root growth and organogenesis.
Main Methods:
- Pharmacological inhibition of PARP activity using 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB).
- Analysis of root growth in wild-type and Arabidopsis PARP double mutant (parp1parp2) plants.
- Gene expression analysis of cell cycle regulators (cyclins).
- Flow cytometry to assess DNA ploidy levels in root cells.
Main Results:
- Inhibition of PARP activity by 3-AB significantly increased primary and lateral root growth rates.
- The Arabidopsis parp1parp2 double mutant exhibited enhanced root growth.
- Treatment with 3-AB led to the upregulation of cyclin genes involved in cell cycle progression.
- An increased proportion of 2C cells and a decrease in higher DNA ploidy cells were observed in treated roots, enlarging the meristematic zone.
- PARP2 expression was low in the meristematic zone and high in the maturation zone.
Conclusions:
- PARPs negatively regulate root cell division, thereby playing a crucial role in controlling root development.
- PARP activity appears to inhibit mitosis and promote cell differentiation.
- Targeting PARP activity could be a strategy to enhance root system architecture.
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