DNA structural features of eukaryotic TATA-containing and TATA-less promoters

Eukaryotic genes can be broadly classified as TATA-containing and TATA-less based on the presence of TATA box in their promoters. Experiments on both classes of genes have revealed a disparity in the regulation of gene expression and cellular functions between the two classes. In this study, we report characteristic differences in promoter sequences and associated structural properties of the two categories of genes in six different eukaryotes. We have analyzed three structural features, DNA duplex stability, bendability, and curvature along with the distribution of A-tracts, G-quadruplex motifs, and CpG islands. The structural feature analyses reveal that while the two classes of gene promoters are distinctly different from each other, the properties are also distinguishable across the six organisms.