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Dynamic Chiral Magnetic Effect and Faraday Rotation in Macroscopically Disordered Helical Metals.

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We developed a theory for electromagnetic wave propagation in dynamic chiral magnetic systems. This reveals how material disorder affects conductivity, influencing polarization rotation and circular dichroism signals near plasmon resonances.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Electromagnetism
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Electromagnetic wave propagation in materials is influenced by their conductivity.
  • Chiral magnetic effects introduce unique responses to electromagnetic waves.
  • Understanding disorder effects is crucial for predicting material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an effective medium theory for electromagnetic wave propagation in gapless nonuniform systems with a dynamic chiral magnetic effect.
  • To quantify disorder-induced corrections to optical and chiral magnetic conductivities.
  • To investigate the impact of these corrections on observable optical signals.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an effective medium theory.
  • Calculation of macroscopic-disorder-induced corrections.
  • Analysis of spatial fluctuations in optical conductivity.
  • Frequency dependence analysis of polarization rotation and circular dichroism.

Main Results:

  • The theory successfully calculates disorder corrections to optical and chiral magnetic conductivities.
  • Spatial fluctuations in optical conductivity correct the effective chiral magnetic conductivity.
  • These corrections dictate the leading frequency dependence of polarization rotation and circular dichroism.
  • Observable features are predicted in Faraday rotation near bulk plasmon resonances.

Conclusions:

  • Macroscopic disorder significantly impacts electromagnetic wave propagation in dynamic chiral magnetic systems.
  • The developed theory provides a framework for understanding these effects.
  • Experimental observation of predicted features in Faraday rotation could validate the theory and distinguish from single-crystal behavior.