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GABAergic Transmission during Brain Development: Multiple Effects at Multiple Stages.

Knut Kirmse1, Christian A Hübner2, Dirk Isbrandt3,4

  • 11 Hans-Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.

The Neuroscientist : a Review Journal Bringing Neurobiology, Neurology and Psychiatry
|April 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acts as a depolarizing neurotransmitter in the developing brain, influencing neural circuit refinement. Both depolarizing and inhibitory GABA actions are vital for healthy brain maturation and may offer targets for interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Neurochemistry

Background:

  • GABAergic transmission is crucial for brain development.
  • GABA's role has shifted from primarily inhibitory to also excitatory during early development.
  • Understanding GABA's dual role is key to understanding brain maturation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on GABAergic transmission in the developing brain.
  • To highlight the significance of both depolarizing and inhibitory GABA actions.
  • To discuss the implications for developmental brain disorders and interventions.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo studies in mammalian and non-mammalian species.
  • Analysis of spontaneous cortical activity.
  • Review of existing literature on GABAergic function and developmental disorders.
Keywords:
GABAbrain developmentepilepsyin vivoinhibition

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • GABA acts as a depolarizing neurotransmitter in early development.
  • GABAergic transmission spatiotemporally constrains spontaneous cortical activity.
  • Depolarizing GABA contributes to activity-dependent neural circuit refinement.

Conclusions:

  • Both depolarizing and inhibitory GABA actions are essential for normal brain maturation.
  • Alterations in GABAergic function are linked to developmental brain disorders.
  • GABAergic modulation presents potential targets for prophylactic interventions in brain development.