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25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Peripheral Immune Mediators: Results from Two Nationwide Danish Pediatric Cohorts
Steffen U Thorsen1, Christian B Pipper2, Kristin Skogstrand3
1Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center (CPH-DIRECT), Department of Pediatrics, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730 Herlev, Denmark. s.u.thorsen@gmail.com.
Insights
Vitamin D levels (25(OH)D) showed associations with leptin and CXCL8 in children newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. However, vitamin D did not strongly influence the overall immune and inflammatory profile in these patients.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Investigating the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and immune/inflammatory markers.
- Examining this association at birth and in newly diagnosed childhood type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if 25(OH)D levels correlate with peripheral immunological and inflammatory signatures.
- To analyze these associations in both neonatal and childhood T1D cohorts.
Main Methods:
- Utilized birth (n=470 patients, 500 controls) and newly diagnosed (n=460 patients, 453 siblings) cohorts with stored blood samples.
- Measured serum 25(OH)D levels and various peripheral immune mediators.
- Employed robust log-normal regression to model relative changes and corrected for multiple testing.
Main Results:
- Identified a negative association between 25(OH)D and leptin (RC 0.98).
- Found a positive association between 25(OH)D and chemokine (CXCL) 8 (RC 1.07).
- These associations were observed in the newly diagnosed cohort.
Conclusions:
- Leptin and CXCL8 exhibit significant associations with 25(OH)D levels in newly diagnosed childhood T1D patients.
- The study suggests that 25(OH)D does not exert a strong influence on the peripheral immune and inflammatory profile in this context.
Abstract:
(1) Background: We aimed to examine if 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was related to the peripheral immunological and inflammatory signature both at birth, and in newly diagnosed patients with childhood type 1 diabetes (T1D) and their healthy controls; (2) Methods: The birth cohort consisted of 470 patients and 500 healthy controls. Dried blood samples were collected from the neonates in the period 1981-1999. The newly diagnosed cohort consisted of 460 patients and 453 siblings. Serum samples were collected in the period 1997-2005. A variety of peripheral immune mediators were measured and compared to total 25(OH)D levels (25(OH)D₂ + 25(OH)D₃). For each immune mediator, the relative change (RC) in the mean level was modeled by robust log-normal regression and correction for multiple testing was performed; (3) Results: Two associations were identified; there was a negative association between 25(OH)D (10 nmol/L increase) and leptin (RC (95% confidence interval (CI)), 0.98 (0.96; 1.00)), and a positive association between 25(OH)D (10 nmol/L increase) and the chemokine, chemokine (c-x-c motif) ligand (CXCL) 8 (RC (95% CI), 1.07 (1.01; 1.13)); (4) Conclusion: CXCL8 and leptin have significant associations with levels of 25(OH)D in the newly diagnosed cohort. These results do not indicate a strong influence of 25(OH)D on the peripheral immunological or inflammatory signature.