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Semi-synthetic hydrogel composition and stiffness regulate neuronal morphogenesis.

Yulia Berkovitch1, Dror Seliktar2

  • 1The Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; The Interdisciplinary Program for Biotechnology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|April 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed protein-based hydrogels to study peripheral nerve regeneration. These biomaterials support nerve cell growth and migration, with cell outgrowth strongly linked to hydrogel density.

Keywords:
AlbuminFibrinogenGelatinHydrogel scaffoldNerve guidance conduitPEGSemi-syntheticTissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Peripheral nerve regeneration is crucial for recovery from injury.
  • Understanding cell-mediated 3-D invasion mechanisms is key to improving regeneration strategies.
  • Extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins play a vital role in guiding cell behavior during regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanism of cell-mediated 3-D invasion in peripheral nerve regeneration.
  • To compare the efficacy of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels conjugated with different ECM proteins (fibrinogen, gelatin, albumin) in supporting neuronal and glial cell growth.
  • To correlate scaffold properties with cell outgrowth and morphogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of PEG-conjugated hydrogels with varying compositions of fibrinogen, gelatin, and albumin.
  • Culturing dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells on these hydrogels to assess neurite extension and glial cell migration.
  • Characterization of hydrogel mechanical properties, density, and proteolytic degradation.
  • Microscopic analysis of 3-D cell invasion and neurite/glial cell morphogenesis within the hydrogels.

Main Results:

  • Hydrogels composed of PEG conjugated with ECM proteins supported DRG cell outgrowth, neurite extension, and glial cell migration.
  • The ability of hydrogels to support cell outgrowth was dependent on their mechanical properties, density, and degradation rates.
  • A strong positive correlation was observed between DRG cell outgrowth and the density of the hydrogel compositions.
  • 3-D invasion and morphogenesis of neuronal and glial cells were successfully characterized and linked to scaffold properties.

Conclusions:

  • Protein-based biomaterial hydrogels provide a valuable platform for studying 3-D cell invasion in peripheral nerve regeneration.
  • Hydrogel composition, particularly protein conjugation and density, significantly influences neuronal and glial cell behavior.
  • Scaffold density is a critical factor determining the extent of DRG cell outgrowth during nerve regeneration.