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Fiber surface Bragg grating waveguide for refractive index measurements.

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    A novel fiber surface Bragg grating waveguide (BGW) was created using femtosecond laser inscription for precise refractive index (RI) measurements. This innovative fiber optic sensor demonstrates high RI sensitivity and potential for biochemical sensing applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Sensing
    • Fiber Optic Sensors
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Fiber optic sensors are crucial for real-time monitoring in various fields.
    • Refractive index (RI) sensing is vital for detecting chemical and biological analytes.
    • Existing methods often require complex fabrication or lack sensitivity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a novel fiber surface Bragg grating waveguide (BGW) for RI measurements.
    • To develop a cost-effective and efficient method for fabricating fiber optic sensors.
    • To explore the potential of BGWs in biochemical sensing.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a fiber surface BGW using direct femtosecond laser inscription.
    • Inscribing an X-coupler to guide light from the fiber core to the surface.
    • Utilizing the evanescent field of the guided light for interaction with the surrounding medium.

    Main Results:

    • Successful fabrication of a functional fiber surface BGW.
    • Achieved a refractive index sensitivity of approximately 16 nm/RIU.
    • Demonstrated efficient light coupling from the fiber core to the surface waveguide.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed fiber surface BGW is a promising platform for RI measurements.
    • The non-destructive, single-step fabrication process offers advantages for sensor production.
    • The sensor shows potential for future applications in fiber biochemical sensing.