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The Ventricular-Arterial Coupling: From Basic Pathophysiology to Clinical Application in the Echocardiography
Francesco Antonini-Canterin1, Stefano Poli1,2, Olga Vriz3
1Cardiologia Preventiva e Riabilitativa, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Maria degli Angeli, Pordenone, Italy.
Journal of Cardiovascular Echography
|May 4, 2017
Summary
Ventricular-arterial coupling, a measure of cardiovascular efficiency, links heart function and arterial system dynamics. This review explores its clinical applications in hypertension, heart failure, and other cardiovascular diseases.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Physiology
Background:
- Ventricular-arterial coupling (VAC) describes the interaction between the heart's pumping ability and the arterial system's properties.
- It reflects overall cardiovascular efficiency and can be quantified using metrics like arterial elastance (EA) and left ventricular end-systolic elastance (EES).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current literature on ventricular-arterial coupling.
- To highlight the clinical utility of VAC assessment in various cardiovascular conditions.
Main Methods:
- The review synthesizes findings from clinical studies evaluating VAC.
- Focus is placed on the application of complex mathematical formulae, implementable via computerized algorithms, for noninvasive VAC calculation.
Main Results:
- VAC assessment provides a comprehensive measure of global cardiovascular efficiency.
- Noninvasive calculation methods facilitate clinical adoption of VAC indices.
- Studies cover diverse scenarios including hypertension, heart failure, coronary artery disease, and valvular heart disease.
Conclusions:
- Ventricular-arterial coupling is a valuable index for assessing cardiovascular efficiency.
- Its noninvasive calculation enables widespread clinical application.
- VAC analysis offers insights into various cardiovascular pathologies.
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