[Primary aneurysmal bone cyst of the maxillary sinus]

Area of Science:

• Otorhinolaryngology
• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Pathology

Background:

• Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are rare, benign, expansile bone lesions, typically occurring in long bones and the spine.
• Primary ABCs of the jaws are exceptionally rare, with few documented cases in the literature.
• Maxillary sinus involvement presents unique diagnostic and surgical challenges due to anatomical complexity.

Observation:

• A 50-year-old woman presented with a four-year history of nonspecific symptoms including tearing, facial/neck muscle tension, and altered speech.
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple cystic processes within the maxillary sinus, characterized by fluid-fluid levels in larger cysts.
• Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a primary aneurysmal bone cyst.

Findings:

• The diagnosis of a primary aneurysmal bone cyst in the maxillary sinus was confirmed histologically.
• The patient underwent successful endoscopic resection of the lesion.
• Post-operative follow-up at one month showed no signs of recurrence.

Implications:

• Endoscopic resection is a viable and minimally invasive surgical option for maxillary sinus ABCs.
• Early diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention are crucial for favorable outcomes.
• This case expands the understanding of rare locations for aneurysmal bone cysts and their management.