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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Therapeutic application of multipotent stem cells.

Hamed Mirzaei1, Amirhossein Sahebkar2, Laleh Shiri Sichani3

  • 1Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Journal of Cellular Physiology
|May 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Multipotent stem cells offer therapeutic potential for various diseases by modulating cellular pathways. Further research is needed to confirm their safety and efficacy for clinical applications.

Keywords:
differentiationmultipotent stem cellstherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cell therapy is a promising treatment for cardiovascular, pulmonary, hepatic, and neoplastic diseases.
  • Stem cells, particularly multipotent stem cells, are crucial for cell therapy due to their self-renewal and differentiation capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the features of multipotent stem cells, including their isolation, differentiation, and therapeutic applications.
  • To highlight the mechanisms by which multipotent stem cells exert therapeutic effects, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic actions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review summarizing existing research on multipotent stem cells.
  • Analysis of cellular and molecular pathways influenced by multipotent stem cells.

Main Results:

  • Multipotent stem cells can self-renew and differentiate into various cell types.
  • These cells modulate key cellular and molecular pathways, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects.
  • Therapeutic applications are being explored across multiple disease areas.

Conclusions:

  • Multipotent stem cells show significant therapeutic promise but require further investigation.
  • Clarifying the biology and ensuring the safety of multipotent stem cells is essential for clinical translation.