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Related Concept Videos

Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria01:10

Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria

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Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
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Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

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Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
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Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
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Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

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Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
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In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

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A melt castable energetic cocrystal.

Jonathan C Bennion1, Zohaib R Siddiqi, Adam J Matzger

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, USA. matzger@umich.edu.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|May 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new energetic cocrystal formed from 3,4-diaminofurazan (DAF) and 4-amino-3,5-dinitropyrazole (ADNP) exhibits enhanced melt stability and superior explosive performance. This demonstrates cocrystallization

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Energetic Materials Chemistry

Background:

  • Energetic materials require stable formulations for safe handling and enhanced performance.
  • Cocrystallization is an emerging strategy to modify the properties of energetic compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a novel energetic cocrystal of 3,4-diaminofurazan (DAF) and 4-amino-3,5-dinitropyrazole (ADNP).
  • To investigate the impact of cocrystallization on the thermal behavior and energetic performance of the constituent components.

Main Methods:

  • Cocrystal synthesis via solution crystallization.
  • Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) for thermal analysis.
  • Performance evaluation through standard energetic material testing.

Main Results:

  • Formation of a stable energetic cocrystal between DAF and ADNP.
  • The cocrystal exhibited melt behavior and melt-state stabilization, properties not observed in pure ADNP.
  • The melt-castable formulation demonstrated explosive performance superior to that of pure DAF.

Conclusions:

  • Cocrystallization offers a viable route to enhance the processability and performance of energetic materials.
  • The DAF-ADNP cocrystal presents a promising candidate for advanced energetic formulations.