Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Cardiac Cycle01:13

The Cardiac Cycle

99.7K
The heart beats rhythmically in a sequence called the cardiac cycle—a rapid coordination of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole).
The Process
Electrical signals—sent from the sinoatrial (SA) node in the right atrial wall to the atrioventricular (AV) node between the right atrium and right ventricle—cause both atria to simultaneously contract. When the signal reaches the AV node, it pauses for approximately a tenth of a second, allowing the atria to contract and...
99.7K
Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm01:19

Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm

9.9K
The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process is essential for efficient blood circulation throughout the body. The fundamental elements involved in establishing and maintaining this rhythm include the unique electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node's pacemaker function, the specialized conducting system, and the ionic mechanisms underlying each phase...
9.9K
Specialized Characteristics of Cardiac Muscles01:27

Specialized Characteristics of Cardiac Muscles

4.6K
The primary role of cardiac muscles is to propel blood throughout the cardiovascular system. The cardiac muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, exhibit specialized characteristics that allow them to perform this function.
Cardiac muscle cells are smaller than skeletal muscles, averaging 10–20 mm in diameter and 50–100 mm in length. However, they have large energy demands for continuous contraction and relaxation. This energy is almost exclusively derived from aerobic metabolism of energy...
4.6K
Structure of Cardiac Muscles01:13

Structure of Cardiac Muscles

18.2K
Cardiac muscle, or myocardium, is a specialized type of muscle found exclusively in the heart. Its unique structural and functional characteristics enable the heart to perform its vital role of pumping blood throughout the body continuously and rhythmically. The cardiac muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, possess an endomysium and perimysium but do not have an epimysium.
Compared to skeletal muscles, cardiac muscle cells are small and mostly have a single nucleus. Additionally, they are usually...
18.2K
Cardiac Cycle01:29

Cardiac Cycle

13.8K
The cardiac cycle refers to the sequence of events that occur in the heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the next. It's characterized by alternating periods of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) of the heart muscles.
During the cardiac cycle, blood flow through the heart is regulated entirely by changing pressure gradients. This sequence of events begins with the heart in a state of total relaxation, known as mid-to-late diastole, during which blood passively flows from...
13.8K
Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output01:22

Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output

3.9K
Cardiac output (CO), the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute, is a parameter in cardiovascular physiology determined by stroke volume and heart rate. Stroke volume, the amount of blood pushed from one of the ventricles per heartbeat, is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility.
Preload
Preload refers to the initial elongation of the cardiac myocytes before contraction and is related to the volume of blood filling the heart at the end of diastole, or end-diastolic volume. The...
3.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Fractional-Order Modeling of Arterial Compliance in Vascular Aging: A Computational Biomechanical Approach for Investigating Cardiovascular Dynamics.

IEEE open journal of engineering in medicine and biology·2024
Same author

Modeling virus transport and dynamics in viscous flow medium.

Journal of biological dynamics·2023
Same author

Recent technologies in cardiac imaging.

Frontiers in medical technology·2023
Same author

Sea urchin sperm exploit extremum seeking control to find the egg.

Physical review. E·2023
Same author

Human Hypertension Blood Flow Model Using Fractional Calculus.

Frontiers in physiology·2022
Same author

Towards Characterization of the Complex and Frequency-dependent Arterial Compliance based on Fractional-order Capacitor.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Visualizing Cytoplasmic Flow During Single-cell Wound Healing in Stentor coeruleus
08:09

Visualizing Cytoplasmic Flow During Single-cell Wound Healing in Stentor coeruleus

Published on: December 19, 2013

6.2K

Stokes flow patterns induced by a single cardiac cell.

Yasser Aboelkassem1

  • 1Institute for Computational Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

Computers in Biology and Medicine
|May 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Numerical simulations reveal that each beating cardiomyocyte generates a unique fluid flow signature. This cardiac cell flow pattern, characterized by vortices and pressure changes, may correlate with cellular processes.

Keywords:
CardiomyocyteE-C couplingFlow signatureStokes flow

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Advancing Neonatal Cardiac Diagnostics with Echocardiography-Derived Blood Speckle Imaging
07:13

Author Spotlight: Advancing Neonatal Cardiac Diagnostics with Echocardiography-Derived Blood Speckle Imaging

Published on: December 22, 2023

2.0K
Single-Cell Optical Action Potential Measurement in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes
08:39

Single-Cell Optical Action Potential Measurement in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes

Published on: December 22, 2020

4.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Visualizing Cytoplasmic Flow During Single-cell Wound Healing in Stentor coeruleus
08:09

Visualizing Cytoplasmic Flow During Single-cell Wound Healing in Stentor coeruleus

Published on: December 19, 2013

6.2K
Author Spotlight: Advancing Neonatal Cardiac Diagnostics with Echocardiography-Derived Blood Speckle Imaging
07:13

Author Spotlight: Advancing Neonatal Cardiac Diagnostics with Echocardiography-Derived Blood Speckle Imaging

Published on: December 22, 2023

2.0K
Single-Cell Optical Action Potential Measurement in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes
08:39

Single-Cell Optical Action Potential Measurement in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes

Published on: December 22, 2020

4.8K

Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Biophysics
  • Computational biology

Background:

  • Cardiac cells (cardiomyocytes) generate fluid motion through their beating.
  • Understanding this flow is crucial for comprehending cardiac function and disease.
  • Previous studies often simplified cell motion or focused on collective behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically investigate the Stokes flow generated by a single, isolated beating cardiomyocyte.
  • To characterize the fluid dynamics, including vortices and pressure fields, induced by cell-scale motion.
  • To explore the potential for unique flow patterns to serve as signatures of individual cell behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a two-dimensional meshfree-Stokeslets computational framework.
  • Solving Stokes governing equations for fluid flow around a model cardiomyocyte.
  • Developing an approximate kinematical model for cardiomyocyte shortening during the cardiac cycle.

Main Results:

  • Identified counter-rotating vortices at the edges of the beating cardiomyocyte.
  • Visualized flow patterns using velocity streamlines and static pressure contours.
  • Demonstrated that variations in cell shortening profiles lead to distinct flow fields.
  • Calculated pressure signals to quantify induced normal stress on the surrounding fluid.

Conclusions:

  • Each cardiomyocyte exhibits a unique fluid flow "signature" due to its specific beating profile.
  • This cellular flow signature has the potential to be linked to sub-cellular excitation-contraction mechanisms.
  • The findings offer a novel perspective on cell-level biomechanics in cardiac tissue.