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Patch Clamp01:18

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Many fundamental cell functions such as muscle contraction and nerve transmission rely on the electrical signals produced by the movement of positively and negatively charged ions across the cell membrane. One competent method to record current flowing across the whole cell or single ion channel is the patch-clamp technique.
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Calprotectin in Daily Practice: Where Do We Stand in 2017?

Fabrizia D'Angelo1, Christian Felley, Jean Louis Frossard

  • 1Service of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.

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Summary

Faecal calprotectin (FC) is a reliable marker for intestinal inflammation, aiding in differentiating inflammatory bowel disease from irritable bowel syndrome. While useful, clinicians face challenges with FC’s specificity and managing intermediate levels, necessitating clear guidelines.

Keywords:
BiomarkersCalprotectinInflammatory bowel disease

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Diagnostics
  • Biomarker Research

Background:

  • Distinguishing organic from functional gastrointestinal diseases is crucial for clinicians.
  • Gastrointestinal symptoms are often varied and non-specific, complicating diagnosis.
  • The goal is to minimize diagnostic delays and avoid unnecessary invasive procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on faecal calprotectin (FC) and its clinical applications.
  • To analyze the strengths and limitations of FC measurement in gastroenterology.
  • To propose a practical approach for managing patients based on FC levels.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on faecal calprotectin.
  • Analysis of FC's role in differential diagnosis and disease monitoring.
  • Evaluation of FC's correlation with endoscopic findings and treatment response.

Main Results:

  • Faecal calprotectin (FC) demonstrates high clinical sensitivity as a marker of intestinal inflammation.
  • FC is valuable for differentiating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
  • FC effectively monitors IBD patients and predicts treatment response, correlating well with endoscopic activity.

Conclusions:

  • FC is a proven, sensitive marker for intestinal inflammation, aiding IBD diagnosis and management.
  • Challenges remain regarding FC's specificity and managing intermediate levels, highlighting a need for clearer guidelines.
  • Further research is needed to clarify FC's role in conditions like collagenous and infectious colitis.