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Updated: Mar 2, 2026
13:19
Microarray-based Identification of Individual HERV Loci Expression: Application to Biomarker Discovery in Prostate Cancer
Published on: November 2, 2013
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Urinary Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer.
Francesca Giunchi1, Chiara Ciccarese2, Rodolfo Montironi3
1Pathology Department, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna. Italy.
Current Drug Metabolism
|May 20, 2017
Summary
Urine contains prostate cancer biomarkers, but RNA markers like miRNA and AMACR mRNA show the most promise for early detection. Clinical use is limited by the lack of validated cut-off levels and reference standards.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Oncology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Urine is a non-invasive, repeatable source for prostate cancer (PCa) biomarkers.
- It contains secreted prostatic products and exfoliated tumor cells, aiding early detection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the potential of urinary biomarkers for prostate cancer detection.
- To identify the most promising biomarker types and challenges for clinical implementation.
Main Methods:
- Review of proposed urinary biomarkers for PCa.
- Analysis of limitations of protein and DNA-based markers.
- Evaluation of RNA-based markers, including miRNA and AMACR mRNA.
Main Results:
- Previous protein biomarkers lacked confirmation.
- DNA markers are less suitable for PCa due to limited somatic alterations.
- RNA biomarkers, especially miRNA and AMACR mRNA, are most promising.
Conclusions:
- RNA biomarkers represent the most promising avenue for urinary PCa detection.
- Clinical implementation is hindered by the lack of validated cut-off levels.
- Establishing consistent reference standards is crucial for widespread adoption.
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