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Development of a Direct Pulp-capping Model for the Evaluation of Pulpal Wound Healing and Reparative Dentin Formation in Mice
Published on: January 12, 2017
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Complement Activation by Pulp Capping Materials Plays a Significant Role in Both Inflammatory and Pulp Stem Cells'
Thomas Giraud1, Pierre Rufas2, Fanny Chmilewsky2
1Institute of Movement Science, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Hôpital Timone, Service d'Odontologie, Marseille, France.
Journal of Endodontics
|May 22, 2017
Summary
Pulp capping biomaterials differentially affect complement activation, influencing inflammation and dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) recruitment. Biodentine promotes DPSC migration, while TheraCal and Xeno III impact both DPSC and inflammatory cell recruitment.
Area of Science:
- Dental Pulp Biology
- Complement System
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Complement activation, particularly via C5a, is crucial for inflammation and has emerged as a factor in tissue regeneration.
- Pulp fibroblasts can locally produce C5a in response to dental pulp injury or infection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how different pulp capping biomaterials influence complement activation.
- To assess the impact of biomaterial-induced complement activation on inflammatory cell recruitment and dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) migration.
Main Methods:
- Conditioned media from Biodentine, TheraCal, and Xeno III were used to culture injured pulp fibroblasts.
- C5a secretion was measured via ELISA; C5a receptor expression on DPSCs and THP-1 cells was analyzed by immunofluorescence.
- Cell migration assays (Boyden chambers) were performed for DPSCs and THP-1 cells, with and without a C5a receptor antagonist.
Main Results:
- TheraCal and Xeno III significantly increased C5a secretion by pulp fibroblasts compared to controls.
- Biodentine and TheraCal conditioned media reduced THP-1 cell recruitment, while TheraCal and Xeno III reduced DPSC migration.
- Biodentine did not inhibit DPSC migration, and the C5a receptor antagonist confirmed C5a's role in cell recruitment.
Conclusions:
- Pulp capping biomaterials differentially modulate complement activation following pulp injury.
- The choice of biomaterial influences the balance between inflammation and regeneration by affecting the recruitment of DPSCs versus inflammatory cells.
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