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β-Cell function in postmenopausal women with isolated post-challenge hyperglycemia.
Chii-Min Hwu1,2, Yi-Chun Lin1,2, Kuan-Hung Lin3,4
1Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Journal of Diabetes
|May 26, 2017
Summary
Isolated post-challenge hyperglycemia (IPH) in older women indicates impaired beta-cell function, with reduced early and late insulin release. This suggests beta-cell dysfunction is key in early type 2 diabetes mellitus development.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Health
- Geriatric Medicine
Background:
- Isolated post-challenge hyperglycemia (IPH) is an early indicator of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
- Understanding insulin secretion in IPH offers insights into T2DM pathogenesis in older women.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate insulin secretion profiles in postmenopausal women with IPH.
- To determine the role of beta-cell function in the progression of glucose intolerance.
Main Methods:
- Recruited 555 postmenopausal women without T2DM history.
- Administered a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test to identify IPH.
- Utilized general linear models to analyze glucose metabolism differences.
Main Results:
- Women with IPH showed significantly decreased early-phase insulin responses compared to normal glucose tolerance and impaired glucose tolerance groups.
- Late-phase insulin release also decreased progressively from normal glucose tolerance to IPH.
- Early insulin secretion's contribution to 2-h glucose was not significant after accounting for insulin resistance and late-phase release.
Conclusions:
- Postmenopausal women with IPH exhibit impaired beta-cell function.
- Progressive decreases in early and late insulin release correlate with escalating glucose intolerance.
- Beta-cell dysfunction is a significant factor in early T2DM among postmenopausal women.
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