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Biofabrication and biomaterials for urinary tract reconstruction
Moustafa M Elsawy1,2,3, Achala de Mel1
1Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal Free Hospital, NHS Trust, University College London (UCL).
Research and Reports in Urology
|May 27, 2017
Summary
Biomimetic approaches offer promising biocompatible materials for urinary tract reconstruction, mimicking native tissue properties. Strategies focus on material modification and infection prevention for improved graft success.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Urology
Background:
- Reconstructive urology addresses complex urinary organ pathologies requiring structural and functional restoration.
- Autologous tissues present morbidity; biocompatible materials are needed for urinary tract repair and substitution.
- Biomimetic approaches aim to create materials that physiologically mimic the urinary system.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review strategies for mimicking urinary tissues using biomimetic approaches.
- To highlight modifications in material structure, surface chemistry, and cellular response.
- To discuss methods for minimizing infectious complications and graft failure.
Main Methods:
- Review of experimental and preclinical studies on biomimetic materials for urinary tract repair.
- Analysis of strategies involving biological and synthetic materials.
- Exploration of advanced techniques like three-dimensional bioprinting.
Main Results:
- Various strategies exist to tailor material properties (structure, surface chemistry, cellular response) to mimic urinary tissues.
- Infection prevention measures are crucial for successful graft outcomes.
- Three-dimensional bioprinting shows potential for creating functional urinary substitutes.
Conclusions:
- Biomimetic materials offer a viable alternative to autologous tissues in reconstructive urology.
- Tailoring material properties and managing infection are key to successful urinary tract reconstruction.
- Tissue engineering and advanced fabrication methods like 3D bioprinting are advancing the field.
