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QUANTITATIVE GENETICS AND POPULATION DYNAMICS.

Michael Doebeli1

  • 1Zoology Institute, University of Basel, Rheinsprung 9, CH-4051, Basel, Switzerland.

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
|June 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sexual reproduction enhances population stability and growth rates in competition and host-parasite models by reducing fitness variance. This advantage, linked to quantitative genetics, supports the evolution of sex and explains tangled bank effects in ecological systems.

Keywords:
Chaosevolution of sexpopulation dynamicsquantitative genetics

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Area of Science:

  • Population dynamics
  • Evolutionary biology
  • Quantitative genetics

Background:

  • Competition and host-parasite models often use simplified dynamics.
  • Quantitative characters significantly influence population interactions and stability.
  • Asexual populations can exhibit complex dynamics like chaos.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how quantitative characters affect population dynamics in competition and host-parasite models.
  • To explore the role of sexual reproduction and genetics in stabilizing populations.
  • To assess the evolutionary advantages of sex in light of reduced fitness variance.

Main Methods:

  • Extension of one-dimensional difference equations to model quantitative characters.
  • Explicit modeling of the genetics of quantitative traits with many additive haploid loci for sexual reproduction.
  • Comparison of dynamics between asexual and sexual populations.

Main Results:

  • Phenotypic variability from quantitative characters reduces density fluctuations in asexual populations.
  • Sexual reproduction magnifies this reduction in fitness variance, leading to simpler dynamics (e.g., two-cycles instead of chaos).
  • Sexual populations exhibit a higher mean growth rate, overcoming asexuality's intrinsic growth rate advantage.

Conclusions:

  • Explicitly modeling quantitative genetics provides more flexible and realistic population dynamics models.
  • Reduced fitness variance in sexual populations offers a significant advantage, promoting the evolution of sex.
  • Tangled bank effects, supporting the evolution of sex, are observed in host-parasite systems.