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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 1, 2026

2-Vessel Occlusion/Hypotension: A Rat Model of Global Brain Ischemia

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Published on: June 22, 2013

Programmed Cell Death after Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Tobias Bobinger¹, Petra Burkardt¹, Hagen B Huttner¹

¹Department of Neurology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, Erlangen 91054, Germany.

Current Neuropharmacology

|June 3, 2017

Summary

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) causes significant brain injury and cell death. While preclinical studies show promise for neuroprotective treatments, clinical trials have yet to confirm efficacy, highlighting the need for further research into programmed cell death pathways.

Keywords:

Cell death ICH apoptosis intracerebral hemorrhage necrosis pyroptosis.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Stroke Research
Cellular Pathology

Background:

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe stroke type with high mortality.
ICH causes primary mechanical brain injury and secondary injury via inflammation and cell dysfunction.
Programmed cell death, beyond necrosis, occurs after ICH.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current knowledge on programmed cell death pathways following ICH.
To analyze advances in preclinical and clinical ICH research.
To identify potential therapeutic targets for reducing ICH-related mortality and morbidity.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive literature review of recent preclinical and clinical studies on ICH.
Analysis of findings related to neuronal cell death mechanisms.
Evaluation of the translation of preclinical results to clinical trials.

Main Results:

Current ICH treatment focuses on blood pressure management and anticoagulant reversal.
Preclinical studies suggest anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory treatments reduce neuronal death, but clinical trials have failed.
The timing of therapeutic intervention and non-apoptotic programmed cell death are critical considerations.

Conclusions:

Understanding programmed cell death pathways is crucial for developing new ICH therapies.
Preclinical findings, while not always clinically confirmed, advance our knowledge of ICH pathology.
Further research may lead to improved treatments, reduced mortality, and better quality of life for ICH patients.