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Related Concept Videos

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry01:12

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry

2.5K
Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
ESI utilizes electrical energy to transfer ions from the liquid phase of the sample into the...
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Mass Spectrometers01:16

Mass Spectrometers

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This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
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Mass Spectrometry: Overview01:19

Mass Spectrometry: Overview

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Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular mass and molecular formula of a compound. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to generate ions from the analyte molecule and measure these ion abundances against their molecular mass. One common type of ionization, known as electron ionization or EI, bombards the analyte molecules in the gas phase with high-energy electron beams. The electron beams displace an electron from the molecule and leave behind a...
9.4K
Mass Spectrum: Interpretation01:24

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

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An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...
3.6K
Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

2.7K
Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
2.7K
Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

2.0K
Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
2.0K

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Sample Preparation for Probe Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
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Electrospray Modifications for Advancing Mass Spectrometric Analysis.

Anil Kumar Meher1, Yu-Chie Chen1

  • 1Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University.

Mass Spectrometry (Tokyo, Japan)
|June 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electrospray ionization (ESI) and its variants are crucial for generating gas-phase analyte ions in mass spectrometry. This review overviews recent ESI-based ionization techniques, simplifying sample preparation and expanding analytical capabilities.

Keywords:
atmospheric pressureelectrosprayion sourceionizationmass spectrometry

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Separation Science

Background:

  • Gas-phase ion generation is fundamental for mass spectrometric analysis.
  • Electrospray ionization (ESI) is a widely used soft ionization technique for diverse analytes.
  • Conventional ESI can present limitations in sample preparation and operational simplicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in electrospray ionization (ESI) variants.
  • To highlight ESI-based techniques that simplify sample preparation and enhance operational ease.
  • To discuss the potential of these new methods in overcoming conventional ESI limitations.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of electrospray ionization (ESI) derived techniques.
  • Analysis of instrumentation and underlying ionization processes.
  • Discussion of selected applications showcasing the utility of ESI variants.

Main Results:

  • Numerous ESI variants have been developed over the past two decades.
  • These techniques often reduce or eliminate the need for extensive sample preparation.
  • ESI variants offer increased simplicity and flexibility in mass spectrometric analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The continuous development of ESI variants is expanding mass spectrometry applications.
  • These innovations facilitate tackling complex analytical challenges.
  • The review provides valuable insights into the evolving landscape of electrospray ionization.