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Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...

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Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Treatment of Osteochondral Defects in the Rabbit's Knee Joint by Implantation of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Fibrin Clots

Treatment of Osteochondral Defects in the Rabbit's Knee Joint by Implantation of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Fibrin Clots

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Allografts: Osteochondral, Shell, and Paste.

Frank B Wydra¹, Philip J York¹, Armando F Vidal¹

¹Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12631 East 17th Avenue, Room 4501 B202, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.

Clinics in Sports Medicine

|June 5, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Articular cartilage restoration is crucial due to limited healing. Osteochondral allografts offer a solution for larger defects where other methods fail, improving treatment options for cartilage repair.

Keywords:

Articular cartilage Bacterial transmission Hyaline cartilage Osteochondral allografts Osteochondral defects Procurement Storage

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Published on: January 23, 2018

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$Autologous Microfractured and Purified Adipose Tissue for Arthroscopic Management of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus$

Autologous Microfractured and Purified Adipose Tissue for Arthroscopic Management of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus

Published on: January 23, 2018

Area of Science:

Orthopedics
Regenerative Medicine
Biomaterials

Background:

Articular cartilage has limited intrinsic healing capacity.
Osteochondral defects can lead to degenerative joint disease.
Current treatments like microfracture and autologous chondrocyte implantation are limited for large or complex defects.

Purpose of the Study:

To review osteochondral allografts for articular defects.
To discuss emerging options for challenging cartilage lesions.
To cover screening, procurement, storage, surgical techniques, outcomes, and safety of allografts.

Main Methods:

Literature review of osteochondral allografts for articular cartilage restoration.
Discussion of current and emerging surgical techniques.
Analysis of outcomes and safety data, including infection transmission.

Main Results:

Osteochondral allografts are effective for larger defects (>4 cm²) or those with bone involvement.
Established methods for screening, procurement, and storage exist.
Surgical techniques and outcomes vary, with ongoing research into emerging options.

Conclusions:

Osteochondral allografts are a viable option for significant articular cartilage defects.
Careful consideration of screening, procurement, storage, and surgical technique is essential.
Emerging regenerative strategies may offer future alternatives for cartilage repair.