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Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He...
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The difference between the calculated and experimentally measured masses is known as the mass defect of the atom. In the case of helium-4, the mass defect indicates a “loss” in mass of 4.0331 amu – 4.0026 amu = 0.0305 amu. The loss in mass accompanying the formation of an atom from protons, neutrons, and electrons is due to the conversion of that mass into energy that is evolved as the atom forms. The nuclear binding energy is the energy produced when the atoms’ nucleons are bound...
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Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
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Nuclear Physics Around the Unitarity Limit.

Sebastian König1,2,3, Harald W Grießhammer4, H-W Hammer2,3

  • 1Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|June 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nuclear structure features arise from a perturbative expansion near the unitarity limit. Nuclei are weakly bound, making them insensitive to interaction details and two-nucleon system size.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear physics
  • Quantum mechanics

Background:

  • The structure of atomic nuclei is complex and not fully understood.
  • Current models often require extensive computational resources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a new theoretical framework for understanding nuclear structure.
  • To explore the implications of the unitarity limit in nuclear physics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a strictly perturbative expansion around the unitarity limit.
  • Analyzing the role of scale invariance breaking and discrete scaling symmetry.
  • Correlating nuclear chart features with a single dimensionful parameter (triton binding energy).

Main Results:

  • Gross nuclear features correlate to one dimensionful parameter.
  • Physical observables are derived via small perturbative corrections.
  • Evidence supports nuclei being weakly bound yet robust against interaction details.

Conclusions:

  • Nuclear structure can be effectively described by perturbative corrections from the unitarity limit.
  • This approach simplifies understanding nuclear properties, relating them to fundamental symmetries and parameters.