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Related Concept Videos

Cell Migration01:19

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Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
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Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
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Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration01:32

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A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
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Cell Motility through Blebbing01:16

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Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
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Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration01:21

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Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon...
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Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Characterizing Epithelial Wound Healing In Vivo Using the Cnidarian Model Organism Clytia hemisphaerica
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Orientational Coupling Locally Orchestrates a Cell Migration Pattern for Re-Epithelialization.

Benhui Hu1, Wan Ru Leow1, Shahrouz Amini1

  • 1Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|June 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The spatial arrangement of extracellular matrix (ECM) paths influences how epithelial cells migrate collectively. Converging ECM paths enhance cell migration and cohesion, aiding wound repair and skin regeneration.

Keywords:
epithelial bridgemigration patternsorientational couplingrepair efficiencyspatial organization

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Microscopy Based Methods for the Assessment of Epithelial Cell Migration During In Vitro Wound Healing
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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Re-epithelialization is crucial for tissue repair and regeneration, involving collective cell migration.
  • The extracellular matrix (ECM) environment significantly influences cell behavior and migration patterns.
  • Understanding cell migration dynamics is key to developing effective regenerative strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of extracellular matrix (ECM) spatial organization on collective cell migration.
  • To determine how ECM structure affects the coupling between cell polarization and migration direction.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying enhanced epithelialization in wound repair.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized statistical analysis to study the spatial organization of extracellular matrix (ECM) paths.
  • Observed collective cell migration patterns of human keratinocytes in vitro.
  • Examined the relationship between ECM topography, cell polarization, and migration velocity.

Main Results:

  • The spatial organization of adjacent ECM paths significantly impacts orientational coupling between cell polarization and collective cell migration.
  • Converging ECM organization, where paths converge to a junctional point, facilitates collective cell migration.
  • This facilitated migration enhances epithelial bridge occupancy and migration velocity during wound repair.

Conclusions:

  • ECM spatial organization is a critical factor in regulating collective epithelial cell migration.
  • Converging ECM structures promote efficient re-epithelialization by aligning cell polarization with migration direction.
  • Findings provide insights for designing implantable ECM scaffolds to optimize skin regeneration.