[Comparison of two kinds of artificial tears on the dry eye after phacoemulsification]

Objective: To compare the curative effect of two different artificial tears on dry eye after phacoemulsification. Methods: Prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. From March to June in 2012, 102 patients (102 eyes) with age-related cataract were treated with phacoemulsification at Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, and these eyes were randomly divided into blank group (group A ) 32 cases, treatment group 1 (group B) 35 cases and treatment group 2 (group C) 35 cases. Group A was treated with conventional antibiotics. Group B was sodium hyaluronate eye drop, group C was lipid-containing carbomer gel respectively. All patients finished a dry eye questionnaire called Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), and Schimmer's test (SIt), break up time (BUT) and fluorescein staining (FL) tests were performed before surgery and at 7, 30 and 90 days after surgery respectively. Optometry were performed at 90 days after surgery. The χ(2) test was used to analyze the sex of the patients, and the age of the patients was analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Partial data in eye tests and in OSDI does not meet the normal distribution. Therefore, they were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis H test. If significant difference existed, these data were then analyzed by independent sample Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: Twelve patients were lost to visit within 3 months. A total of 90 patients were followed up for 90 days. The mean age of all patients was (69.5±9.5) years (46.0-89.0 years), 38 males and 64 females. There were 30 patients in Group A, group B and group C respectively. The prevalence of dry eye was 56. 7% (60/102). There was no significant difference among the three groups (P>0.05). OSDI questionnaire showed that OSDI score was significantly different among the three groups at 7, 30 and 90 days after operation (H=9.89, 55.53, 45.43, P<0.05). At 30 and 90 days after operation, the median OSDI scores were 12.50 and 10.42 in group C, respectively, which were better than those of group A scores 27.09 and 20. 8 (Z=- 6.30, -5.94, P<0.05), and were better than those of group B scores 17.71 and 13. 54 (Z=-3.40, -3.52, P<0.05). At 90 days after operation, the median BUT of B and C treatment groups was 9. 00, which was better than that of group A (4.00). The difference was statistically significant (H=21.51, P<0.05), There was no significant difference between group B and group C (Z=-0.34, P>0.05). Conclusion: The treatment of artificial tears with lipid composition in the early stage after phacoemulsification is beneficial to the improvement of postoperative symptoms and signs of dry eye. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2017, 53: 445-450).