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On the Inability to Ignore Useless Advice.

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  • 11 Institute of Psychology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Germany.

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Judges often overutilize advice, especially when it is low quality. This overutilization stems from advice acting as an anchor, leading to biased adjustments and reduced judgment accuracy.

Keywords:
advice takinganchoringdecision-makingjudgmentsocial influence

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Decision Science
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • The judge-advisor paradigm typically assumes advice is underutilized relative to its quality.
  • This research challenges the assumption that advice is always used less than it should be.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phenomenon of advice overutilization when advice quality is low.
  • To explore the role of anchoring as a mechanism driving advice overutilization.
  • To examine whether anchoring effects are independent of advice quality.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted four experiments within the judge-advisor paradigm.
  • Introduced participants to advice explicitly labeled as useless.
  • Measured systematic adjustments in judgment toward provided advice.

Main Results:

  • Participants systematically adjusted their estimates toward even useless advice.
  • This overutilization effect persisted even after controlling for intentional advice utilization.
  • Anchoring-based adjustment toward advice was found to be independent of advice quality.

Conclusions:

  • Low-quality advice can be overutilized due to anchoring effects.
  • Anchoring causes adjustments toward advice regardless of its actual quality.
  • Inability to discount useless advice poses a threat to judgment accuracy.